Hot-air furnace.



PATENTED SEPT. 15, 1903. R. J. UROZIER A. FBILBACH.

.HO'T AIR FURNACE.

' Arrmonxon rum JUNE 5, 1903. no MODEL. a SHEETS-SHEET 1.'

41 1, WX- 1 N I AAK- 3 4b 10 I? a I, 31'

co. mom-Luna. WASHINGTON No. 738,777. PATENTED SEPT. 15; 1903.

R. J. GROZIER & A. FEILBAGH.

1107 AIR FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 5, 1903- N0 MODEL. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2? PATENTED SEPT. 15, 1903. i R. J. VGROZIER & A. FEILBAGH.

HOTAIB. FURNACE. APPLICATION mum mm: 5. 1903.

1 m monzn.

3 SHEETS- 53E111? 3.

THE nuims PETERS ca, Pmmpma. WASHINGTON n. c

{ pit, fire-pot, and the air-chambers.

to. 738m NITED STATES iatented September 15, 1903;.

PATENT OFFICE.

HOT-AIR FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 738,7 77, dated September 15, 1903. Application filed June 5,1903, Serial No. 160,156. (No model.)

, States, residing at Elmore, inthe county of p 5 Ottawa and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Hot-Air Furnaces,of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates toia hot-air furnace,

and has for its object to provide an inexpenthrough the apparatus and heated with economical use of fuel and, furthermore, to so construct the apparatus that it may be read 15 r A construction of the furnace. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section through the same. Fig. 3isa top plan view of the fire-pot, the sideair-chambers, and the connecting-duct. Fig. 4 isa cross-section through the furnace, showing brickwork arranged to form the asha longitudinal section through a furnace constructed as described in Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a top plan view of the dead-plate, and Fig. 7is an isometric view of a removable pot or basket for burning hard coal in the furnace.

A hot-airfurnace constructed in accordance with our invention is provided with an ash-pitA, upon the top of which the fire-pot B is supported, and imposed upon the top of the fire-pot is the combustion-chamber O, which comprises a'bottom section D and a top section E. Both sections of the combustionchamber are constructed in the form of a shell,the ends 1 of which are rhomboids to incline the side plates 2, which are apertured to receive the ends of the fines 3. The ends of fines 3 are expanded in opposite apertures of the side plates 2 of each section. The angles of the rhomboid ends 1 of both sections are such that the fines when connected at right angles to the side plates 2 are suitably inclined upward from the inlet to the outlet, and the top section E of the combustionchamber is reversely imposed upon the bot tom section D to reversely incline the flues sive apparatus of the kind by means of which fresh cold air may be rapidly circulated plane through our furnace, showing a metal Fig. 5 is of the top section to the fines of the bottom section. The fiues in each section are also vertically staggered to form zigzag channels for the products of combustion.

The bottom edge of the top section E is provided with a flange arranged as a socket 4 to telescope over the top of the bottom section D, and the top opening of the upper section E is closed by means of a plate 5, which is provided with a marginal flange 6 to telescope over the top section when the closure-plate 5 is supported thereon. The flue plates of each section are also provided with side flanges 7, and the rhomboidal end platesfare 'ofa size to lap the side flanges of the flueplates and are held in position against the flanges by means of hook-bolts 8, arranged to engage one or more of the fines adjacent to each side. The top closure-plate 5 is also secured in a similar manner by means of hookbolts 9, which are arranged to engage with flues in the uppermost row of the top section E.

top closure-plate 5, and from the margin of .the opening a stub 10 is vertically extended a suitable distance, to which the smoke-pipe 11 is attached.

To distribute the products of combustion evenly throughout the combustion-chamber,

we have provided a diaphragm 12, having a plurality of centrally-disposed draft-openings 13. from flue-plate to flue-plate of the top section Band of a width to form draft-openings 14: along each end wall.

The diaphragm is located a suitable distance below the top of the furnace to form a breeching 15 to conduct the gases from the draft-openings to the smoke-flue, and as means to suspend the diaphragm from the rim of the flue-plates of the top section E the diaphragm is provided at the opposite ends with a clip 16, arranged to engage the top wall of each flueplate. The

clips are formed by bending the ends of the plate upward and outward.

The top of the ash-pit wall is formed with a ledge 17 to support the fire-pot and a dead plate 18, which is of a size to form a top 010- sure for the ash-pit. The dead-plate is pro- Vided with a circular grate-opening 19 of The diaphragm is of a length to extend suitable size, and the opening is preferably located near the front of the plate and centrally to the width of the plate. At the under side the plate is provided with a plurality of integral lugs 20, which are arranged to extend into the openings to support a semirotatable grate 2l flush with the top of the dead-plate, and to move the grate the same is provided with an integral shank 22, formed tobe engaged by a shaker-bar. (Not shown.) The ash-pit is provided with a door-frame 23, the face of which is made oblique, and to the top of the frame the ash-pit door 24 is suitably hinged.

The fuel-door frame 25 is made of a size to be telescopically, inserted between the side The walled-in air-space of the f u rnace extends from the base upward along the sides of the fire-pot and the sections D and E of the comberpI.

bustion-chamber to and over the top and also along the rear of the fire-pot.

By means of a diaphragm 27, located in the divisional plane of the fire-pot and the combustion-chamber, the diaphragm 28, located at the divisional plane of the sections D and E, and the diaphragm 29, located in the plane of the top plate, the air-space is divided into the cold-air chamber F, the hot-air chambers G and H, and the distributing-chamber I.

The cold-air chamber F is provided with an opening 30, through which cold air is supplied to the furnace and heated in its travel from the cold-air chamber through the heating-flues of the bottom section D of the combustion-chamber to the hot-air chamber G, thence through the dues of the top section E of the combustion-chamber and through the hot-air chamber H to the distributing-cham- The distributing-chamber of the hot air may be provided with a plurality of walled-in pipe-stubs 31, to the free ends of which the hot-air-distributing pipes or ducts may be connected.

In the construction of our furnace illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5 the ash-pit K is formed of a fire-brick wall 32, which extendsaround the sides and the end of the pit, and in the front of the pit the ash-pit-door frame 33 is walled in. Upon the top of the ash-pit wall the dead-plate 34 is removably imposed, for

which purpose the side and end walls 35 of the fire-pot L are offset from the inner edge of the ash-pit wall. The walls of both the ashpit and the fire-pot are formed of fire-brick suitablylined with fire-clay, and to the front inclosed in a brick casing 38, in which the coldair-inlet chamber P and the hot-air chambers Q and R are formed, and the top of the furnace is inclosed by means of a brick deck 39, upon the top of which a suitable bed 40 of sand is disposed. The fresh-cold-air chamber P is provided with an inlet-opening 41, and to the hot-air chamber R pipe-stubs 42 are walled for the distributing-pipes. (Not shown.) The cold-air chamber is separated from the hot-air chamber by means of a diaphragm 43, and as the walls of the furnacecasing forming the air-chambers are set off from the sides of the fire-pot and ash-pit the intervening space 44. at the opposite sides of the ash-pit and fire-pot are filled in to a plane with the top of the pot and paved with brick. The floor of the ash-pit is preferably paved with metal plate 45.

In Fig. 6 a removable pot or basket S is illustrated in which the grate forms the bottom of the pot or basket when the latter is inserted into the fire-pot and supported upon the dead-plate over the grate-opening. The pot or basket is used for burning hard coal in the fire-pot. To readily fill the pot with coal through the fuel-door opening, the sides- 46 of the pot extend above the front plate 47, and the rear side 48 of the pot is of a height to prevent coal beingthrown beyond the pot upon the dead-plate. The bottom edges of the front, rear, and side plates of the pot are scalloped to form air-inlets 49.

In both sections of the combustion-chamber there is movably mounted on the fines a scraper comprising independently-movable plates 50 and 51, to each of which a handlerod 52 is attached for moving the scraperplates lengthwise on the tines from flue-plate to flue-plate to remove from them accumu latedsoot or ashes. The handle-rods 52 are of a length to extend from the wall of a side air-chamber when the scraper-plates are pushed against the flue-plates adjacent to the opposite side air-chamber.

The fuel-door opening of our furnace is made of asize that wood in large blocks can be readily used as fuel in the fire-pot, and as the'grate is located at the front portion of the dead-plate live coal can be pushed from the grate area to the rear portion 53 of the deadplate and banked in ashes.

By surrounding a cast ash-pan and fire-pot with the cold-air chamber, as shown in Figs.'

ical in operation, and is provided with an bustion chamber, and by arranging the greater portion of the heating-surface in the form of a large number of small fines extending from side to side through the combustionchamber and so disposed that the air to be heated travels by natural draft back and forth through the fines and the gases of combustion in a zigzag path among the fines that the air is rapidly and evenly heated and an in-,

creased amount of the heat produced is util- I i zed.

What We claim to be new is 1. In a hot-air furnace, the combination with a base comprising a fire-pot mounted on an ash-pit, of a quadrangular shell comprising side and end walls and a top mounted on the fire-pot, and forming a combustion-chamber, casing-walls, forming an air-chamber around the sides and back of the base and up v the sides and over the top of theshell, an air:

vds

inlet through the casing-wall at the bottom of the air-chamber, diaphragms dividing the air-chamber 011a horizontal plane central to the combnstiomchamber on one side and at the top of thevfire-pot-and of the combnstiona chamber on the opposite side and forming'an upper hot-air chamber and a lower inletchamber on one side of the combustion-chant,

ber, and a breeching-chamber on the opposite side, a plurality .of fine-pipes extending through the combustion-chamber and through its sides connecting the inlet and hot-air chambers with the breeching-chamber, thetheir outlet in the hot-air chamber above the central diaphragm, a hot-air-distributing fine stub or stubs extending through the casing- Wall into the hot-air chamber, a fine-opening in the top of the combustion-chamber, and a fine extending from the fineopening of the combustion-chamber through the casing substantially as set forth.

2. In a hot-air furnace, the combination with a base comprising a fire-pot mounted on anash-pit, of aquadrangnlar shell comprising side and end walls and a top lnonntedon v the sides and over the top of the shell, an air-,

the fire-pot, and forming a combustion-chamber, casingwalls forming an airchamber around the sides andback of the base and up inlet through the casing-wall at the bottom of the air-chamber, diaphragms dividing the air-chamber on a horizontal plane central to I the combustion-chamber on one side and at w the top of the fire-potand of the combustionchamber on the opposite side and forming an upper hot-air chamber and a lower. air-inlet chamber on one side ofthe combnstion-cham ber,an d a breaching-chamber on the opposite side, a plurality of fine-pipes extending through the combustion-chamber and through its sides connecting the inlet. and hot-air chambers with the breeching-chamber, the fines through the lower portion of the combustion-chamber being inclined upward from the inlet-chamber to the breeching-chamber, and the fines through the upper portion of the combustion-chamber being inclined up-i ward from the breeching-chamber reversely to the fines in the lower portion, and having their outlet in the hot-air chamber above the central diaphragm, a hot-air-distributing fine stub or stubs extending through the casingwall into the hot-air chamber, a fine-opening in the top of the combustion-chamber, and a fine extending from the fine-opening of the combustion-chamber through the casing, and a baftle-Zplate in the combustion chamber above the inclined fines, substantially as set forth.

, 3. In a hot-air furnace, the combination with a base comprising a fire-pot mounted on an ash-pit, of a quadrangular shell comprising side and end walls and a top mounted on the fire-pot, and forming a combustion-chamber, casing-walls forming an air-chamberaround the sides and back ofthe base and up the sides and over the top of the shell, an airinlet through the casing-wall at the bottom of the airchamber, diaphragms dividing the air-chamber on a horizontal plane central to the combustion-chamber on one side, and at the top of the fire-pot and of the combustionchamber on the opposite side and forming an upper hot-air chamber and a lower inlet-chain her on one side of the combustion-chamber, and a breeching-chamber on the opposite side, a plurality of fine-pipes extending through the combustion-chamber and through its sides connecting the inlet and hot-air chamberswith the breeching-chamber,the fines through the lower portion of the com bnstion-chamber being inclined upward from the inlet-chamber to the breeching-chamber, and the fines through the upper portion of the combustionjchamber being inclined upward from the breeching-chamber reversely to the fines in the lower portion, and having theirioutlet in the hot-air chamber above the central diaphragm, a hot-air-distributing flue stub or stubs extending through the casing-wall into the hot-air chamber, a fine-opening in the top of the combustion-chamber, and a fine ex; tending from the fine-openingof the combustion-chamber through the casing, a baffieplate in the combustion-chamber above .the inclined fines, scraper-plates circumferentially engaging the inclined fines and movable lengthwise thereof, and handle-barsse- ,cured to the plates and extending through the chamber and casing-walls.

4. In a hot-air furnace the combination with a base comprising a fire-pot mounted upon an ashpit, of a quadrangular shell comprising side and end walls and a top, monntedconl the fire-pot and forming a combustion-chamber,

breeching-chamber on the opposite side, a

plurality of fine-pipes extending through the combustion-chamber and through its sides connecting the inlet and hot-air chambers with the breeching-chamber, the flnes through the lower portion of the combustion-chamber being inclined upward from the inlet-chamberto the breeching-chamber,,and the fines through the upper portion of the combustionchamber being inclined upward from the breeching-chamber reversely to the fines ofthe lower portion, and having their outlet in thehot-air chamber above the central diaphragms, a flue for the combustion-chamber extending through the top plate in the combustion-chamber and the air-chamber above the top plate, hot-air-distribnting pipe-stubs through the walls of the casing above the combustion-chamber, an inlet-pipe throughthe wallsof the casing below the diaphragm at thetop of the fire-pot, and'an air-duct at the back of the fire-pot connecting the-opposite air-chambers formed by the bottom and central diaphragms substantially as set forth.

5. In ahot-air furnace the combination with abase comprising a fire-pot mounted upon an ash-pit, of a quadrangular shell comprising sideand endwalls and a top, mounted on the fire-pot and forming a combustion-chamber, acasing forming an air-chamber up the sides of the base and of the combustion-chamber and over the top of the combustion-chamber, diaphragms dividing the air-chamber on a horizontal plane central to the combustionchamber on one side, and at the top of the fire-pot and ofthe combustion-chamber on the opposite side, and forming an upper hotairchamber and alower air-inlet chamber on one side of the combustion-chamber, and-a breeching-chamber on the opposite side, a plurality of flue-pipes extending through the combustion-chamber and through its sides connecting the inlet and hot-air chamber with the breeching-chamber, the fluesthrough the lower portion of the combustion-chamber being inclined upward from the inlet-chamber to. the breeching-chamber, and the flues through the upper portion of the combustionchamber being inclined upward from the breechingchamber reversely to the fines of the lower portion, and having their outlet in the hot-air chamber'above the central diaphragm, a flue for the combustion-chamber extending through the top plate inthe combustion-chamber and the air-chamber above the top plate, hot-air-distributingpipe-stnbs through the walls of the casing above the combustion-chamber, an inlet-pipe through the walls of the casing below the diaphragm at the top of the fire-pot, an air-duct at the back of the fire-pot connecting the opposite air-chambers formed by the bottom and central diaphragms, and a baflle-plate in the combustion chamber above the inclined flues, substantially as set forth.

6. In ahot-air furnace the combination with a base comprising a fire-pot mounted upon an ash-pit, of a quadrangular shell comprising side and end walls and a top, mounted on the fire-pot and forming a combustion-chamber, a casing forming an air-chamber up the sides of the base and of the combustion-chamber and over the top of the combustion-chamber, diaphragmsdividing the air-chamber on a horizontalplane central tothe combustionchamber on one side, and at the top of the fire-pot and of the combustion-chamber on the opposite side,.andforming an upper hotair chamber and alower air-inlet chamber on one side of the combustion-chamber, and a jbreeching-chamber on the opposite side, a plurality of flue-pipes extending through the combustion -chamber and through its sides iconnecting the inlet and hot-air chamber with ;lthe breeching-chamber, the dues through the ;lower portion ot'the combustion-chamberbeing inclined upward from the inlet-chamber ;to the breeching chamber, and the fines ithroughthe upper portion of the combustionfachamber being inclined upward from the lbreeching-chamber reversely to the flues of igthelower portion, and havingtheir outlet in ithe hot-air chamber above the central diaphragm, aline for the combustion-chamber extending through the top plate in the com- ;bustion-chamber and the air-chamber-above lthe top plate, hot-air-distributing pipe-stubs ?through the walls of the casing above the icombnstion-chamber, an inlet-pipe through :the walls of the casing below the diaphragm .at the top of the fire-pot, an air-duct at the back of the fire-pot connecting the opposite Lair-chambers formed by the bottom and central diaphragms, a battle-plate in the combustion-chamber above the inclined fl'ues, scraper-plates circnmferentially engaging the inclined flues and movable lengthwise thereof, and handle-bars secured tothe scraper- 'plates and extending through an air-chamber land casing-wall, substantially as set forth.

7. In a hot-air furnace, the combinationof a quadrangular shell, forming a combustionchamber, comprising a top and a bottom section, each section having ends that are equal rhomboids, and sides that are equal parallelograms inclined parallel at theangle of the side edges of the ends, the top section being mounted on the bottom section and reversely inclined thereto, each side plate of each section being provided with an equal number of perforations for the flue-pipes, the perforations in both sections being in horizontalrows ofodd and even numbers, the rows of even numbers alternating with the rows of odd IIO numbers, the perforations of the even rows forming rows in vertical planes between rows in vertical planes'formed by the perforations of the odd-number horizontal rows, the centers of the perforations of one side plate be ing respectively in alinement with the centers of corresponding perforations of the opposite side plate in lines at right angles to the side plates, flue-pipes having their ends secu red respectively in opposite perforations of opposite side plates and inclined at right angles to the plates,.the fines of the top section being reversely inclined to the flues of the bottom section, a top closure for the top section, a casing inclosing the sections and forming side air-chambers opposite to the ends of the fines, a diaphragm dividing one side airchamber on the horizontal plane of the joint p of the sections, between-the lower ends of the flues of the bottom section and the higher ends of the fines of the rop section, an airinletin the chamber below the diaphragm, hot-air-distributing fines extending from the top of thechamber above the diaphragm, and

an exit-flue extending from the top of the combustion-chamber, substantially as set forth.

8. In a hot-air furnace, the combination of a quadrangular shell, forming a combustionchamber, comprising a top and a bottom sec tion, each section having ends that are equal rhomboids, and sides that are equal parallelograms inclined parallel at the angle of the side edges of the ends, the top section being it mounted on the bottom section and reversely inc-lined thereto, each side plate of each sec: tion being provided with an equal number of perforations for flue-pipes, the perforations in both sections being in horizontal rows of odd and even numbers, the rows of even numbers alternatingwith the rows of odd numbers, the perforations of the even rows forming rowsiu vertical planes between rows in vertical planes formed by the perforations of the odd-number horizontal rows, the centers of the perforations of one side plate being re- 'spectively in alinement with the centers of corresponding perforations of the opposite side i plates in lines atright angles to the side plates, flue-pipes having their ends secured respectively in opposite perforations of opposite side plates and inclined at right angles to the versely inclined to the flues of the bottom section, a top closure for the top section, a cas ing inclosing the sections and forming side air-chambers opposite to the ends ofthe fiues, a diaphragm dividing one sideair-chamber on the horizontal plane of the joint of the sections, between the lower ends of thefluesof the bottom section and the higher ends of the flues of the top section, an air-inlet in the chamber below the diaphragm, hot-air-distributing fiuesextending from the top of the chamber above the diaphragm, an exit-flue extending from the top of the combustionchamber, a' baffleplate in the combustionchamber above the inclined flues,'scraperplatescircumferentiallyengagingtheinclined fines and movable lengthwise thereof, and handle-bars secu red to the scraper-plates and extending through an air-chamber and casing- Wall, substantially as set forth.

9. In ahot-air furnace, a combustion-chamwidth 'to cover the flanges of the sides, hookbolts engaging top and bottom flues adjacent to the inner faces of theside'plates and extending through orifices in the end plates and nuts on the bolts adapted to secure the end plates to the side plates when run onto the bolts, the upper section being imposed on top of the lower section with its flue-pipes re versely inclined to the fine-pipes of the lower section, substantially'as and for the purpose set forth.

In witness whereof we have hereunto set our hands this'9th day of May, A. D.1902.

ROBERT J. CROZIER. ANDREW FEILBAOH.

Witnesses:

ROY R. STUART, J. PRESSLY LYLE. 

